The Rollout, Application Process and Who Needs To Apply for an Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA)
The UKVI is expanding the list of nationalities that are required to apply for an Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) in 2025.
Thal Vasishta
What is an ETA?
The ETA was first introduced in October 2023 on a trial basis for passport-holders of the following countries:
-
Bahrain
-
Kuwait
-
Oman
-
Qatar
-
Saudi Arabia
-
United Arab Emirates
A UKVI February 2024 factsheet stated that the ETA is ‘part of our transformation and digitisation of the UK border.’ An ETA will be required by visitors who do not need apply for a visa (non-visa nationals) for short stays in the UK, or who do not already have a UK immigration status prior to travelling. Therefore, if you currently hold a separate UK visa, you do not need to apply for an ETA when travelling to the UK. Effectively, an ETA is the requirement to obtain advance permission to come to travel to the UK as a visitor for those nationals on the ETA list.
British, Irish, and British Overseas Territories citizens also do not require an ETA when travelling to the UK. Dual citizens holding one of these passports, as well as an ETA country passport, do not need to apply for an ETA. If you have legal residence in Ireland, for example you are a US national with a work permit to work in Ireland, then you will not require an ETA to travel to the UK, though you will need to provide evidence of your legal status in Ireland - ETA requirements for residents of Ireland.
ETA’s are intended to cover those travelling to the UK for visit purposes, and will be used in following situations:
-
Coming to the UK for up to 6 months for tourism, visiting family and friends, business or short-term study
-
Coming to the UK for up to 3 months on the Creative Worker visa concession
-
Coming to the UK for a permitted paid engagement
- Transiting through the UK - including if you are not going through UK border control
ETAs will not permit an applicant to:
-
Stay in the UK for longer than 6 months
-
Do paid or unpaid work for a UK company or as a self-employed person, unless you are doing a permitted paid engagement or event or work on the Creative Worker visa concession
-
Claim public funds (benefits)
-
Live in the UK through frequent or successive visits
-
Marry or register a civil partnership, or give notice of marriage or civil partnership - you will need to apply for a Marriage Visitor visa
If your country is not listed as requiring an ETA, you may need to apply for a separate visit visa before travelling to the UK and will not need to apply for an ETA.
How are ETAs Changing?
From 8th January 2025, UKVI is extending the ETA application process to passport-holders of the following countries::
-
Antigua and Barbuda
-
Argentina
-
Australia
-
The Bahamas
-
Barbados
-
Belize
-
Botswana
-
Brazil
-
Brunei
-
Canada
-
Chile
-
Costa Rica
-
Grenada
-
Guatemala
-
Guyana
-
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (including British national overseas)
-
Israel
-
Japan
-
Kiribati
-
Macao Special Administrative Region
-
Malaysia
-
Maldives
-
Marshall Islands
-
Mauritius
-
Mexico
-
Federated States of Micronesia
-
Nauru
-
New Zealand
-
Nicaragua
-
Palau
-
Panama
-
Papua New Guinea
-
Paraguay
-
Peru
-
Samoa
-
Seychelles
-
Singapore
-
Solomon Islands
-
South Korea
-
St Kitts and Nevis
-
St Lucia
-
St Vincent and the Grenadines
-
Taiwan (if you have a passport issued by Taiwan that includes in it the number of the identification card issued by the competent authority in Taiwan)
-
Tonga
-
Trinidad and Tobago
-
Tuvalu
-
United States
-
Uruguay
If you are from one of the above countries and are travelling to the UK on or before 7th January 2025, you do not need to apply for an ETA. All of the above nationals can now apply for an ETA from 27th November 2024 for any travel taking place from 8th January.
From 5th March 2025, the list of nationals requiring an ETA will also expand to include:
-
Andorra
-
Austria
-
Belgium
-
Bulgaria
-
Croatia
-
Cyprus
-
Czechia
-
Denmark
-
Estonia
-
Finland
-
France
-
Germany
-
Greece
-
Hungary
-
Iceland
-
Italy
-
Latvia
-
Liechtenstein
-
Lithuania
-
Luxembourg
-
Malta
-
Monaco
-
Netherlands
-
Norway
-
Poland
-
Portugal
-
Romania
-
San Marino
-
Slovakia
-
Slovenia
-
Spain
-
Sweden
-
Switzerland
-
Vatican City
Nationals from these countries will first be able to travel to the UK with an ETA from 2nd April.
Similarly, if you are from one of the above countries and are travelling to the UK on 1st April or before, you will not require an ETA.
Do I need an ETA?
Due to the upcoming change in rules, we have prepared the following examples of applicants to help illustrate who will require an ETA and in what circumstances:
-
Joshua is a US passport holder married to a UK citizen and holds a Spouse visa. He is looking to come to the UK in June 2025 to visit his in-laws and visit London for a few weeks. He would not require an ETA as he already holds separate UK status. Those holding separate UK visas that permit entry clearance do not require an ETA. However, non-UK visa holders from the US would require an ETA from 8th January 2025.
-
Sophie is a German passport holder and works for an IT consultancy firm in Germany. Her company would like her to visit their UK subsidiary in May 2025 to attend meetings and consult with her UK-based colleagues on an upcoming project. She would need an ETA as she is travelling after the date that ETAs are required (2nd April 2025). Her ETA permits her to carry-out activities that are permitted under a visit visa, which include visiting for business purposes.
-
Harjit is an Indian passport holder currently in India. He would like to visit the UK to attend a family wedding in April 2025. As India is not included in the countries that the ETA is being extended to, he would need to apply for a visit visa before coming to the UK. He would not need to apply for an ETA after his visit visa is granted.
How do I apply for an ETA?
ETAs can be applied for using the UK ETA app which can be downloaded to your smartphone. The app is free to download and there is no requirement to attend a biometric appointment when applying for an ETA. ETAs can also be applied for using UKVI’s website - https://www.gov.uk/guidance/apply-for-an-electronic-travel-authorisation-eta
You will need to scan your passport biodata page and take a photo of yourself to complete the ETA process.
An ETA will cost £10 to apply for per person. Each passport-holder will need to apply for a separate ETA.
UKVI advise that the decision-making time is typically 3 working days for an ETA to be granted, although this can take longer in certain circumstances. In the event of urgent travel, UKVI advise that an ETA must be submitted before travelling to the UK, but you can travel to the UK whilst awaiting a decision.
Once granted, an ETA is valid for 2 years and you will be able to travel to the UK using it in accordance with UKVI’s visit visa rules. You will be able to make multiple journeys to the UK as a visitor for stays of no more than 6-months on each occasion.
If you receive a new passport however, you will need to apply for a new ETA. Also, if you are refused an ETA there is no right of appeal. You will need to make an application for a visitor visa.
You should also note that an ETA grants you permission to travel to the UK but does not guarantee entry at border control. Therefore, you must be prepared to answer questions about the purpose of your trip, duration of stay and your personal circumstances. Where necessary, you should also carry documents to confirm the purpose of your stay.
How can Paragon Law Help
Paragon Law advise and assist on business, personal and family visit visa applications and assisting clients with UKVI’s new digital visa processes. We would be happy to help with any enquiry or queries regarding ETAs or the visit visa process. Please contact us if you would like to talk about your case.